What is Biblical Fasting?
Simply defined, Biblical fasting (or Christian fasting) is prayer-full abstinence from food and/or drink for spiritual purposes. Intricately connected with prayer, fasting deepens our connection to God.
In the Old Testament, we see prayer and fasting done as acts of repentance, as mourning, and as calls for God’s presence and His hand in their given situations. In New Testament times, fasting moved beyond legalism to a way to imitate Christ.
Scripture details three forms of fasting:
- Absolute fasts
- Liquid fasts
- Partials fasts
Absolute fasts involve abstaining from all food and liquids for a period. Examples in scripture include Moses’ 40-day fast on Mount Sinai (Exodus 34:28), Queen Esther and the Jews’ three-day fast before she went to address the king (Esther 4:15-16) and the Apostle Paul’s three-day fast after meeting Jesus on the road to Damascus (Acts 9:9).
Absolute fasts lasting an extended period are often called supernatural absolute fasts because it is a miracle to live more than three days without water or 21 days without food. Due to their taxing nature, absolute fasts should only be undertaken if your health is good and you have complete clarity and confidence that the Holy Spirit is directing you to this task.
Liquid fasts involve abstaining from food and consuming only liquids for a period. Water and fruit and vegetable juices are the liquids typically consumed on this fast. While challenging, liquid fasts are not as dangerous as absolute fasts, since the body gets needed liquids and some nutrition.
Partial fasts involve abstaining from groups of food or drink for a period. Popular examples in scripture are Daniel’s 10-day and 21-day fasts (Daniel 1:12-15 and 10:2-3). Other variations of the partial fasts are time-based instead of food or beverage based, for example, abstaining from food or drink certain hours of the day. Many believers with medical considerations choose this fast.
In addition to types of fasts, fasting has two extent categories, individual or corporate.
Individual fasts involve just God and the believer and are often conducted in private (Matthew 6:16-18).
Corporate fasts involve God and a group of believers. The group can be a family, church family, or another group of people connected for a spiritual purpose.
The above detail on fasting was excepted from Chapter 10 of Put Your Faith Where Your Fork Is.
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